Methane emissions are provided by sector in the contiguous United States (CONUS), Canada, and Mexico by inverse analysis of in situ (GLOBALVIEWplus CH4ObsPack) and satellite (GOSAT) atmospheric methane observations. The inversion uses as a prior estimate the national anthropogenic emission inventories for the three countries reported by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), En- vironment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC), and the Instituto Nacional de Ecología y Cambio Climático (INECC) in Mexico to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and thus serves as an evaluation of these inventories in terms of their magnitudes and trends. Emissions are optimized with a Gaussian mixture model (GMM).

This dataset includes Level 1B (L1B) data products from the MODIS/ASTER Airborne Simulator (MASTER) instrument. The spectral data were collected as part of the Hyperspectral Infrared Imager (HyspIRI) mission's preparatory airborne campaign during four flights aboard a DOE B-200 aircraft over California, U.S., 2008-04-14 to 2008-04-26. The locations sampled include areas affected by wildfires in 2007. This deployment was coordinated by the U.S. Department of Energy's Remote Sensing Laboratory (RSL) located at Nellis Air Force Base near Las Vegas, Nevada. Data products include L1B georeferenced multispectral imagery of calibrated radiance in 50 bands covering wavelengths of 0.460 to 12.879 micrometers at approximately 10-meter spatial resolution. The L1B file format is HDF-4. In addition, the dataset includes flight paths, spectral band information, instrument configuration, ancillary notes, and summary information for each flight, and browse images derived from each L1B data file.

This dataset includes Level 1B (L1B) and Level 2 (L2) data products from the MODIS/ASTER Airborne Simulator (MASTER) instrument. The spectral data were collected during five flights aboard a NASA ER-2 aircraft over southwestern U.S., from 2011-05-15 to 2011-05-23. This deployment was coordinated by NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center (DRFC), renamed Armstrong Flight Research Center in 2014, located in Edwards, California. Data products include L1B georeferenced multispectral imagery of calibrated radiance in 50 bands covering wavelengths of 0.460 to 12.879 micrometers at approximately 50-meter spatial resolution. Derived L2 data products are emissivity in 5 bands in thermal infrared range (8.58 to 12.13 micrometers) and land surface temperature. The L1B file format is HDF-4, and L2 products are provided in ENVI and KMZ formats. In addition, the dataset includes the flight path, spectral band information, instrument configuration, ancillary notes, and summary information for each flight, and browse images derived from each L1B data file.

This dataset contains daily estimates of carbon fluxes in croplands derived from the "ecosys" model covering a portion of the Midwestern US (Illinois, Indiana, and Iowa) at county-level resolution from 2001-2018. Ecosys simulates water, energy, carbon, and nutrient cycles simultaneously for various ecosystems, including agricultural systems at up to hourly resolution. Estimates include: gross primary productivity (GPP), net primary productivity (NPP), autotrophic respiration (Ra), heterotrophic respiration (Rh), or net ecosystem exchange (NEE). Data were generated by the ecosys model constrained by observational data, including USDA crop yield from USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service, and a remote-sensing-based SLOPE GPP product. Model performance was evaluated using observations from AmeriFlux towers at agricultural sites within the study area. Agriculture in the US Midwest produces significant quantities of corn and soybeans, which are key elements to the global food supply. The data are provided in shapefile format.

ACCLIP_Model_WB57_Data contains modeled meteorological, chemical, and aerosol data along the flight tracks of the WB-57 aircraft during the Asian Summer Monsoon Chemical & Climate Impact Project (ACCLIP). Data collection for this product is complete.

ACCLIP is an international, multi-organizational suborbital campaign that aims to study aerosols and chemical transport that is associated with the Asian Summer Monsoon (ASM) in the Western Pacific region from 15 July 2022 to 31 August 2022. The ASM is the largest meteorological pattern in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) during the summer and is associated with persistent convection and large anticyclonic flow patterns in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS). This leads to significant enhancements in the UTLS of trace species that originate from pollution or biomass burning. Convection connected to the ASM occurs over South, Southeast, and East Asia, a region with complex and rapidly changing emissions due to its high population density and economic growth. Pollution that reaches the UTLS from this region can have significant effects on the climate and chemistry of the atmosphere, making it important to have an accurate representation and understanding of ASM transport, chemical, and microphysical processes for chemistry-climate models to characterize these interactions and for predicting future impacts on climate.

The ACCLIP campaign is conducted by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) with the primary goal of investigating the impacts of Asian gas and aerosol emissions on global chemistry and climate. The NASA WB-57 and NCAR G-V aircraft are outfitted with state-of-the-art sensors to accomplish this. ACCLIP seeks to address four scientific objectives related to its main goal. The first is to investigate the transport pathways of ASM uplifted air from inside of the anticyclone to the global UTLS. Another objective is to sample the chemical content of air processed in the ASM in order to quantify the role of the ASM in transporting chemically active species and short-lived climate forcing agents to the UTLS to determine their impact on stratospheric ozone chemistry and global climate. Third, information is obtained on aerosol size, mass, and chemical composition that is necessary for determining the radiative effects of the ASM to constrain models of aerosol formation and for contrasting the organic-rich ASM UTLS aerosol population with that of the background aerosols. Last, ACCLIP seeks to measure the water vapor distribution associated with the monsoon dynamical structure to evaluate transport across the tropopause and determine the role of the ASM in water vapor transport in the stratosphere.

ACCLIP_Aerosol_AircraftInSitu_WB57_Data is the in-situ aerosol data collected during the Asian Summer Monsoon Chemical & Climate Impact Project (ACCLIP). Data from the Particle Analysis by Laser Mass Spectrometry - Next Generation (PALMS-NG), Single Particle Soot Photometer (SP2), Nucleation-Mode Aerosol Size Spectrometer (N-MASS), Printed Optical Particle Spectrometer (POPS), and the Ultra-High Sensitivity Aerosol Spectrometer (UHSAS) is featured in this collection. Data collection for this product is complete.

ACCLIP is an international, multi-organizational suborbital campaign that aims to study aerosols and chemical transport that is associated with the Asian Summer Monsoon (ASM) in the Western Pacific region from 15 July 2022 to 31 August 2022. The ASM is the largest meteorological pattern in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) during the summer and is associated with persistent convection and large anticyclonic flow patterns in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS). This leads to significant enhancements in the UTLS of trace species that originate from pollution or biomass burning. Convection connected to the ASM occurs over South, Southeast, and East Asia, a region with complex and rapidly changing emissions due to its high population density and economic growth. Pollution that reaches the UTLS from this region can have significant effects on the climate and chemistry of the atmosphere, making it important to have an accurate representation and understanding of ASM transport, chemical, and microphysical processes for chemistry-climate models to characterize these interactions and for predicting future impacts on climate.

The ACCLIP campaign is conducted by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) with the primary goal of investigating the impacts of Asian gas and aerosol emissions on global chemistry and climate. The NASA WB-57 and NCAR G-V aircraft are outfitted with state-of-the-art sensors to accomplish this. ACCLIP seeks to address four scientific objectives related to its main goal. The first is to investigate the transport pathways of ASM uplifted air from inside of the anticyclone to the global UTLS. Another objective is to sample the chemical content of air processed in the ASM in order to quantify the role of the ASM in transporting chemically active species and short-lived climate forcing agents to the UTLS to determine their impact on stratospheric ozone chemistry and global climate. Third, information is obtained on aerosol size, mass, and chemical composition that is necessary for determining the radiative effects of the ASM to constrain models of aerosol formation and for contrasting the organic-rich ASM UTLS aerosol population with that of the background aerosols. Last, ACCLIP seeks to measure the water vapor distribution associated with the monsoon dynamical structure to evaluate transport across the tropopause and determine the role of the ASM in water vapor transport in the stratosphere.

This site discusses traditional ways people in Western Alaska and Chukotka, Russia, use plants for food medicine and other purposes.

Beringia is the region including the Bering Strait and the land on either side of it. Some people define the term narrowly to include only the westernmost part of the Seward Peninsula in Alaska and the easternmost part of the Chukotsky Peninsula in Russia. However, we prefer a broader definition that includes much of Alaska and Chukotka.

Ethnobotany is the study of the relationship between people and plants. This includes how people use plants, for example, as food, medicine, for construction, and for many other purposes. It also includes how plants are named and classified, as well as stories, legends, and other beliefs about plants.

The U.S. Climate Risk Projections by County, 2040-2049 data set contains a projection for 2040-2049 risk for the entire contiguous U.S. at the county level with a novel climate risk index integrating multiple hazards, exposures and vulnerabilities. Multiple hazards such as weather and climate are characterized as a frequency of heat wave, cold spells, drought, and heavy precipitation events along with anomalies of temperature and precipitation using high resolution (4 km) downscaled climate projections. Exposure is characterized by projections of population, infrastructure, and built surfaces prone to multiple hazards including sea level rise and storm surges. Vulnerability is characterized by projections of demographic groups most sensitive to climate hazards. This approach can guide planners in targeting counties at most risk and where adaptation strategies to reduce exposure or protect vulnerable populations might be best applied.

The Landslide Hazard Assessment for Situational Awareness (LHASA) model identifies locations with high potential for landslide occurrence at a daily temporal resolution. LHASA combines satellite‐based precipitation estimates with a landslide susceptibility map derived from information on slope, geology, road networks, fault zones, and forest loss. When rainfall is considered to be extreme and susceptibility values are moderate to very high, a “nowcast” is issued to indicate the times and places where landslides are more probable.

This archive contains annual averages from a retrospective LHASA model run. Its spatial coverage is from 72°N to 60°S latitude, and 180°W to 180°E longitude, with a temporal coverage from 2001 through the end of 2016 (to the beginning of 2017), based on IMERG Ver06B from that time interval. The provided global maps of exposure to landslide hazards, are at a 30x30 arc-second resolution. These maps show the estimated exposure of population, roads, and critical infrastructure (hospitals/clinics, schools, fuel stations, power stations & distribution facilities) to landslide hazard, as modeled by the NASA LHASA model.

The data collection consists of eight files, covering the aforementioned spatial and temporal ranges, totaling approximately 20.3 GB (~2.5 GB each):
(1): Landslide hazard (annual average; Units: Nowcasts.yr-1)
(2): Landslide hazard (annual standard deviation; Units: Nowcasts.yr-1)
(3): Population exposure (annual average; Units: Person-Nowcasts. yr-1. km-2)
(4): Population exposure (annual standard deviation; Units: Person-Nowcasts. yr-1. km-2)
(5): Road exposure (annual average; Units: Nowcasts.km.yr-1.km-2)
(6): Road exposure (annual standard deviation; Units: Nowcasts.km.yr-1.km-2)
(7): Critical infrastructure exposure (annual average; Units: Nowcasts.element.yr-1.km-2)
(8): Critical infrastructure exposure (annual standard deviation; Units: Nowcasts.element.yr-1.km-2)

This product provides HAQES 3-hourly ensemble mean surface total PM2.5 concentration over the continental United States (CONUS) and surrounding regions. The data is mapped on Lambert projection.

The Hazardous Air Quality Ensemble System (HAQES) is a real-time ensemble forecast of hazardous air quality events, such as wildfires, dust storms, and Volcanic eruptions. Both regional and global models from multiple agencies are used to create the ensemble, including the Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS) from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the Navy Aerosol Analysis and Prediction System (NAAPS) from Naval Research Laboratory, the Global Ensemble Forecast System Aerosols (GEFS), High-Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR), and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration-U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (NOAA-EPA) Atmosphere-Chemistry Coupler-Community Multiscale Air Quality model (NACC-CMAQ) from NOAA. The prototypes of HAQES products were developed by the George Mason University Air Quality Laboratory as part of the NASA Health Air Quality Applied Science Team (HAQAST).