This data set reports the carbon and nutrient stocks of above-ground vegetation and soil pools at three locations where post-pasture secondary forest recovery ranged from 0 to 14 years since abandonment. These sites are located in the state of Amazonas, Brazil, along the road BR-174 north of the city of Manaus within three fazendas (cattle ranches) now in various stages of grazing, pasture abandonment, or pasture reclamation: Fazenda Rodao (km 46), Embrapa-District of SUFRAMA (DAS) pasture research site (km 53) and Fazenda Dimona (km 72). From September 2000 to July 2001, measurements were obtained for aboveground biomass (cite ND-04 Sec For Recovery), foliage and wood samples were collected and analyzed for total nutrient (C, N, P, K, Ca and Mg) concentrations, and soil samples from 0 to 45 cm depth were collected and analyzed for total nutrient (C, N, P, K, Ca and Mg) concentrations. Total carbon (C) and nutrient stocks were calculated for various vegetation and soil pools to gain an understanding of the dynamics of nutrient and C buildup in regenerating secondary forests in central Amazonia (Feldpausch et al., 2004). There are 2 comma-delimited ASCII data files with this data set.

This data set contains a 1999 Landsat ETM+ mosaic image land of cover classification showing forested and deforestation areas in Uruara, Para, Brazil. This image may be overlain with the cadastral property map of the same area (see related data set LBA-ECO LC-24 Cadastral Property Map of Uruara, Para, Brazil: ca.1975). This data sets contains a single geotiff image distributed as deforested_large.zip.

This data set contains a shapefile of a digitized map of the land parcel information of the original properties of the Uruara colonization site, Para, Brazil, acquired from the Instituto de Colonizacao e Reforma Agraria, or the Colonization and Agrarian Reform Institute (INCRA). The Uruara settlement geometry was initially designed by INCRA, and consists of mostly 100 hectare lots (400 x 2500 meters, and 500 x 2000 meters), running north and south of the Trans-Amazon Highway, as a fine network of small, narrow rectangles. The other parcels in the landscape are the so-called glebas that range up to 3,000 hectares. The map was in the form of a paper map without a projection (a spherical geographic coordinate system) in the South American 1969 datum (SAD 1969). This paper map was digitized in Environmental Science Research Institute (ESRI) ArcInfo 8.1 using a digitizing table, and the digital cadastral data were geo-referenced and projected to match the Universal Transverse Mercator projection (Zone 22 South, World Geodetic System 1984 datum) of Landsat imagery (Landsat.org). There is one compressed (*.zip) file with this data set.

This data set provides active fire locations and estimates of annual fire frequencies for South America from 2000-2007. Data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensors aboard the Terra (2000-2007) and Aqua (2003-2007) satellite platforms were analyzed to determine spatial and temporal patterns in satellite fire detections. The analysis considered a high-confidence subset of all MODIS fire detections to reduce the influence of false fire detections over small forest clearings in Amazonia (Schroeder et al., 2008). The number of unique days on which the active fire detections were recorded within a 1 km radius was estimated from the subset of active fire detections and the ArcGIS neighborhood variety algorithm. There are 14 data files with this data set: 7 GeoTIFF (.tif) files of fire frequency at MODIS 250 m resolution, where each grid cell value represents the number of days in that year on which active fires were detected, and 7 shape files of active fire locations for the years 2001-2007.

This data set provides (1) areal estimates of deforestation events (>25 ha) that were identified from 2001-2004 in Mato Grosso by the Brazilian Institute for Space Research (INPE) as part of the Program for the Estimation of Deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon (PRODES) and (2) the classification of the post-deforestation land use as either cropland, cattle pasture, or not in production (deforested areas that were never fully cleared or returned immediately to secondary forest) in the years after the large deforestation events from 2002-2005. Data are provided in ESRI shapefile format. There are five compressed (*.zip) data files with this data set. Each shapefile represents one year of post-deforestation land use. Land use in the years following deforestation was estimated using annual time series of MODIS NDVI (normalized difference vegetation index) and EVI (enhanced vegetation index). Metrics of vegetation phenology derived annual time series of MODIS NDVI and EVI data were analyzed using a decision-tree classifier to characterize the major cover type in each area of new deforestation. Post-deforestation land use for each large deforestation event was classified based on the classification of MODIS phenology metrics for all years following deforestation during 2002-2005.

This data set provides the results of analyses of Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) images for selective logging activity in the Brazilian states of Para, Mato Gross, Rondonia, Roraima, and Acre over the years 1999 through 2001. Images were analyzed using the Carnegie Landsat Analysis System (CLAS) to detect and to quantify the amount of damage due to selective logging in the major timber-production states of the Brazilian Amazon. This approach provided automated image analysis using atmospheric modeling for detection of forest canopy openings, surface debris, and bare soil exposed by forest disturbances; and pattern-recognition techniques. CLAS provides detailed measurements of forest-canopy damage at a spatial resolution of 30 x 30m. Fifteen GeoTiff format files are included -- one for each of the three years from 1999-2001 for each of the five states. Each GeoTiff is a single band image where each pixel represents if logging activity was or was not detected. A zero (0) value indicates that no logging was detected, while a value of one (1) indicates that damage from logging was detected. The 15 GeoTiff (*.tif) files have been compressed into one *.zip file.

This data set provides the results of the two modeled scenarios for future patterns of deforestation across the Amazon Basin from 2002 to 2050. This larger defined Amazon Basin (PanAmazon area) includes the Amazon River watershed, the Legal Amazon in Brazil, and the Guiana region. The model SimAmazonia was used to simulate monthly deforestation in the Amazon Basin from 2002 to 2050 for two scenarios: (1) a "Business-as-Usual" scenario, which considered the deforestation trends across the basin and projected the rates by using historical images and their variations from 1997 to 2002 and then added to that the effect of paving a set of major roads, and (2) a "Governance" scenario, that also considered the current deforestation trends, but assumed a 50% limit imposed for deforested land within each basin's subregion, and that existing and proposed Protected Areas (PAs), play a decisive role in limiting deforestation as well (Soares et al., 2006).The provided data products include one GeoTiff (*.tif) for each year (2002 to 2050) for both model scenarios for a total of 98 files. The files have been compressed in two *.zip files, one for each model scenario. There is also one comma-delimited file that contains the model input data derived from satellite deforestation maps.

This data set includes classified land cover transition maps at 30-m resolution derived from Landsat TM, MSS, ETM+ imagery and aerial photos of Altamira, Santarem, and Ponta de Pedras, in the state of Para, Brazil. The Landsat images were classified into several types of land use (e.g., forest, secondary succession, pasture, annual crops, perennial crops, and water) and subjected to change detection analysis to create transition matrices of land cover change. Dates of acquired images represent the most cloud-free image retrievals from 1970-2001 for each site and are therefore not continuous. There are 3 GeoTIFF files (.tif) with this data set.

This data set provides the results of fractional land cover analysis for nonphotosynthetic vegetation (NPV) from two Landsat images of Manaus, Brazil, for October 14, 2004, and for July 29, 2005. Both images are from Landsat 5, path 231, row 62. The Manauas area experienced a squall line with intense downbursts from January 16-18, 2005, that resulted in widespread blowdown and tree mortality. The pre- and post-disturbance Landsat images were obtained and processed using spectral mixture analysis (SMA) in order to investigate forest disturbance and tree mortatility resulting from the downburst. SMA was based on scene-derived end-members of green vegetation (GV, photosynthetically active vegetation), NPV ( wood, dead vegetation, and surface litter), soil, and shade obtained using a pixel purity index (PPI) algorithm (Negron-Juarez et al., 2010). Changes in NPV due to disturbance were calculated by subtracting the 2004 NPV image from the 2005 NPV image. This NPV difference image is provided. There are three image files (.tif) with this data set: The two Landsat images that were georectified and converted to reflectance values and the NPV difference image. DATA QUALITY STATEMENT: The Data Center has determined that there are questions about the quality of the data reported in this data set. The data set has missing or incomplete data, metadata, or other documentation that diminishes the usability of the products.KNOWN PROBLEMS: Four additional images were needed to make this data set complete but are unavailable. Specifically, the two images resulting from SMA as applied to the Landsat images collected on the 14th of October, 2004 and the 29th of July, 2005 to determine per-pixel fractional abundance of GV, NPV (wood, dead vegetation, and surface litter), soil, and shade and the 2004 NPV and 2005 NPV images that were used to derive the NPV changes image (which we do provide) (Negron-Juarez, et al., 2010).

This data set reports the results of an experiment that tested the short-term effects of root mortality on the soil-atmosphere fluxes of nitrous oxide, nitric oxide, methane, and carbon dioxide in a tropical evergreen forest. Weekly trace gas fluxes are provided for treatment and control plots on sand and clay tropical forest soils in two comma separated ASCII files.The study site in the Tapajos National Forest (TNF) is near km 83 on the Santarem-Cuiaba Highway south of Santarem, Para, Brazil. Root mortality was induced by isolating blocks of land to 1 m depth using trenching and root exclusion screening. Gas fluxes were measured weekly for ten weeks following the trenching treatment and monthly for the remainder of the year. Monthly data are not included at this time.