This data set contains a time series of snow depth maps and related intermediary snow-on and snow-off DEMs for Grand Mesa, Colorado derived from very-high-resolution (VHR) satellite stereo images and lidar point cloud data. Two of the snow depth maps coincide temporally with the 2017 NASA SnowEx Grand Mesa field campaign, providing a comparison between the satellite derived snow depth and in-situ snow depth measurements. The VHR stereo images were acquired each year between 2016 and 2022 during the approximate timing of peak snow depth by the Maxar WorldView-2, WorldView-3, and CNES/Airbus Pléiades-HR 1A and 1B satellites, while lidar data was sourced from the USGS 3D Elevation Program.

The Extreme Ice Survey (EIS) Glacier Image Archive, 2007-2022 is a collection of images capturing changes in arctic and alpine landscapes. Camera sites were established and maintained at scientifically significant cryospheric locations around the world. The 1.5 million images in this collection provide crucial data on the speed and extent of glacial retreat.

This data set contains shapefiles of termini traces from 294 Greenland glaciers, derived using a deep learning algorithm (AutoTerm) applied to satellite imagery. The model functions as a pipeline, imputing publicly availably satellite imagery from Google Earth Engine (GEE) and outputting shapefiles of glacial termini positions for each image. Also available are supplementary data, including temporal coverage of termini traces, time series data of termini variations, and updated land, ocean, and ice masks derived from the Greenland Ice Sheet Mapping Project (GrIMP) ice masks.

This data set, part of the NASA Making Earth System Data Records for Use in Research Environments (MEaSUREs) program, contains annual ice velocity mosaics for the Greenland Ice Sheet. Velocities are derived from synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data, obtained by TerraSAR-X/TanDEM-X and Sentinel-1A and -1B, and from optical imagery acquired by Landsat 8 and Landsat 9. See Greenland Ice Mapping Project (GrIMP) for related data.

This data set reports monthly, gridded winter sea ice thickness across the Arctic Ocean. Sea ice thickness is estimated using ATLAS/ICESat-2 L3A Sea Ice Freeboard (ATL10) Version 6 data and NASA Eulerian Snow On Sea Ice Model (NESOSIM) snow loading.

This Level-3 (L3) product provides a daily composite of landscape freeze/thaw conditions retrieved by the Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) radiometer from 6:00 a.m. descending and 6:00 p.m. ascending half-orbit passes. SMAP L-band brightness temperatures are used to derive freeze/thaw state and transition data, which are then resampled to both an Earth-fixed, Northern Hemisphere azimuthal 36 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grid (EASE-Grid 2.0), and to an Earth-fixed global 36 km EASE-Grid 2.0.

This enhanced Level-3 (L3) product provides a daily composite of global and Northern Hemisphere landscape freeze/thaw conditions retrieved by the Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) radiometer from 6:00 a.m. descending and 6:00 p.m. ascending half-orbit passes. This product is derived from SMAP enhanced Level-1C brightness temperatures (SPL1CTB_E). Backus-Gilbert optimal interpolation techniques are used to extract maximum information from SMAP antenna temperatures and convert them to brightness temperatures. The data are then posted to two 9 km Earth-fixed, Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids, Version 2.0 (EASE-Grid 2.0): a global cylindrical and a Northern Hemisphere azimuthal.

The Observational Products for End-Users from Remote Sensing Analysis (OPERA) Radiometric Terrain Corrected (RTC) SAR Backscatter from Sentinel-1 (S1) Static Layers (RTC-S1-STATIC) validated product contains static radar geometry layers associated with the OPERA Radiometric Terrain Corrected (RTC) SAR Backscatter from Sentinel-1 (S1) (RTC-S1) validated product. Due to the S1 mission’s narrow orbital tube, radar-geometry layers such as incidence angle, local incidence angle, number of looks, and RTC Area Normalization Factor (ANF) vary slightly over time for each position on the ground, and therefore are considered static. These static layers are provided separately from the OPERA RTC-S1 product, as they are produced only once or a limited number of times, to account for changes in the DEM, in the S1 orbit, or in the static-layers generation algorithm. Static layers are provided as single-band cloud-optimized GeoTIFF (COG) files, with map grid matching RTC-S1 products with the same burst ID. The standard OPERA RTC-S1 product is derived from the original Copernicus Sentinel-1 (S1) interferometric wide (IW) single-look complex (SLC) data, provided by the European Space Agency, with a temporal sampling coincident with the availability of Sentinel-1A and Sentinel-1B SLC data. The OPERA RTC-S1-STATIC and RTC-S1 products are provided at a near global scope (land masses excluding Antarctica). The RTC-S1 products are available in the associated OPERA Radiometric Terrain Corrected SAR Backscatter from Sentinel-1 validated product (Version 1) dataset.

The Observational Products for End-Users from Remote Sensing Analysis (OPERA) Coregistered Single-Look Complex (CSLC) from Sentinel-1 (S1) Static Layers (CSLC-S1-STATIC) validated product contains static radar geometry layers associated with the OPERA Coregistered Single-Look Complex (CSLC) from Sentinel-1 (S1) validated product. Due to the S1 mission’s narrow orbital tube, radar-geometry layers vary slightly over time for each position on the ground, and therefore are considered static. These static layers are provided separately from the OPERA CSLC-S1 product, as they are produced only once or a limited number of times, to account for changes in the DEM, in the S1 orbit, or in the static layers generation algorithm. Each OPERA CSLC-S1-STATIC product is distributed as a Hierarchical Data Format version 5 (HDF5) file following the CF-1.8 convention containing both data raster layers and product metadata and corresponds to matching CSLC-S1 products with the same burst ID. OPERA CSLC-S1 products are available over North America which includes the USA and U.S. Territories, Canada within 200 km of the U.S. border, and all mainland countries from the southern U.S. border down to and including Panama. The CSLC-S1 products are available in the associated OPERA Coregistered Single-Look Complex from Sentinel-1 validated product (Version 1) dataset.

BIOME-BGC is a general ecosystem process model designed to simulate biogeochemical and hydrologic processes across multiple scales. BIOME-BGC is used to estimate daily water and carbon budgets for the BOREAS tower flux sites for 1994.